Standard Installation Procedures for Asphalt Shingles
Applicable to: Classic Color Architectural & Three-tab Asphalt Shingles. Standard installation procedures for American-style roofing, including base preparation → underlayment installation → shingle installation from eaves up to ridge → final ridge finishing.
1. Base Substrate Requirements Before Construction
The roof wood deck (OSB/Plywood) shall be flat and solid with moisture content ≤19%, free from loose boards or warping. Roof slope shall be no less than 1:3 (18.5°); lower roof slope requires higher waterproofing standards.Install metal Drip Edge pre-fixed along roof eaves and rake edges to prevent rainwater backflow.
2. Underlayment Installation (Critical Waterproof Layer)
Primary Layer: Asphalt Felt Underlayment
Horizontal overlap ≥50 mm, vertical overlap ≥100 mm. Install from eaves upward toward the ridge, with the underlay overhanging 5~10 mm past the drip edge at eaves.
Reinforcement for Eaves & Valleys: Ice & Water Shield
In cold or heavy rainfall regions, apply 600 mm-wide self-adhered ice & water shield fully inward along eaves and full-width across all valleys to avoid water seepage caused by ice damming.
3. Starter Course Installation
Lay full rows of Starter Shingles along the entire eaves. The bottom edge of starter shingles extends 6~12 mm beyond drip edge to cover the gaps of the first field shingle course.Fastener: Hot-dipped galvanized roofing nails, 4 nails per starter shingle, positioned 25 mm down from the top edge of shingles.
4. Field Shingle Installation (Core Procedure)
4.1 Layout Rules
For both Architectural and Three-tab shingles: install with offset joints to avoid continuous vertical gaps between adjacent courses.Standard exposed shingle exposure: 150 mm (5/8 inch), keep consistent exposure across the entire roof surface.
4.2 Nailing Specification (Compliant with Chinese Standard & North American ASTM Standard)
4 nails per shingle for regular roof areas; 6 nails per shingle for high-wind or coastal windy locations.Drive nails within the designated nailing zone above black nail lines only. Never nail into exposed shingle area; sink nail heads flush without piercing asphalt coating.
4.3 Installation Sequence
Install shingles row by row from left to right and from eaves up to ridge. Trim shingles inward along rake edges and finish with metal rake flashing.
5. Valley Treatment
- Open Valley: Terminate shingles 100 mm away from valley centerline, avoid full coverage to reserve drainage space.
- Closed Valley: Install shingles in alternating interlaced layout with extra-thick self-adhered underlayment underneath.
6. Ridge Shingle Installation & Final Closure
Mount Ridge Shingles after all field roof planes are fully finished.Single ridge shingle exposure: 150 mm on one side, installed with staggered joints; 2 nails per ridge shingle concealed by the subsequent piece.Seal both end caps of ridge with asphalt sealant.
7. Detailed Waterproofing & Leak Prevention
Wrap vent pipes and air outlets with self-adhered underlayment and seal gaps with sealant.Install metal flashing plus asphalt sealant at junctions between rakes and chimneys.
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